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Master of Arts: Biblical Studies

“Every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like the master of a house, who brings forth out of his treasure things new and old.”
Matthew 13:52
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About the Program

The Master of Arts in Biblical Studies forms men and women to serve the Church’s “biblical apostolate” (Verbum Domini §75) in the academy, Catholic seminaries and schools, or other ecclesial settings. The program offers advanced training in biblical languages, the tools of contemporary scholarship, and the interpretive principles and aims handed down by the Church’s tradition of reading Scripture. 

The Master of Arts in Biblical Studies is a two-year, 48-credit-hour program available to full-time students at the Augustine Institute’s campus in St. Louis, Missouri.

Competitive applicants will possess:

  • an undergraduate degree in a related field or a demonstrably strong formation in humanities, philosophy, and theology;
  • a cumulative grade point average of at least 3.70
  • a competitive GRE score; 
  • the ability to write clear and effective English prose; and, 
  • a strong Catholic identity and commitment to evangelization and cultural engagement. 

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Interpreting the Bible in Faith

The Catholic Church understands “the study of the sacred page” to be “the soul of sacred theology” (Vatican Council II, Dei Verbum §24), through which the one God and his saving will are disclosed through many books and writings in the biblical canon. In this way, as God’s eternal Word became incarnate for the sake of our salvation in the person of Jesus, God’s eternal truth is expressed in Scripture through human words and writings, which the Church affirms are inspired by the Holy Spirit to make us “wise unto salvation” (see 2 Tim 3:15–17).

Interpreting the Bible, then, calls for serious attention to the Scriptures as historical human texts. “The interpreter of Sacred Scripture, in order to see clearly what God wanted to communicate to us, should carefully investigate what meaning the sacred writers really intended, and what God wanted to manifest by means of their words” by studying how the texts were written “in particular circumstances by using contemporary literary forms in accordance with the situation of [their authors’] own time and culture” (Dei Verbum §12). In addition, since through the many books and authors of Scripture it is ultimately the one God who is speaking his one Word, the Catholic interpreter must pay no less attention to the voice of God who inspired all the texts and, we believe, has guided and guides the Church to receive them. Hearing and interpreting God’s written Word calls for consideration of the content of the whole biblical canon, the commitments of faith, and the living tradition of the Church (Dei Verbum §12).

The Augustine Institute’s M.A. in Biblical Studies puts the historical, linguistic, and literary tools of contemporary scholarship in conversation with the Church’s theological and exegetical traditions, forming students in the habits of faith and scholarship as they study the sacred page.

About the Program

The mission of Catholic schools and teachers is a participation in the Church’s mission of evangelization and catechesis (cf. Ex corde Ecclesiae, #49). In the present cultural climate, Catholic schools urgently need teachers who are effective witnesses to Jesus Christ and his Church. To that end, Catholic educators require a graduate program that joins the return to classical pedagogical methods to the communication of an integrated theological worldview. The MA in Catholic Education was designed to meet this crucial need in today’s classrooms.

This master’s program forms men and women who will teach in schools across the United States and internationally. Graduates of the program will manifest the knowledge and ability to deploy the pedagogical principles and practices that have been handed down through the ages by the leading educators of the classical and Christian tradition. With each credit hour, they will obtain mastery over the philosophical and theological principles that govern and direct Catholic education.

The Master of Arts in Catholic Education is a 36-credit-hour program available to on-campus or distance students at either a full-time or part-time pace. The program’s admissions requirements are:

  • Undergraduate degree or equivalent experience
  • Demonstrable ability to read and synthesize insights into thoughtful written work and expression
  • Employed as an educator at a school or parish, or the aim to be employed as such
  • Strong Catholic identity
  • Commitment to evangelization and the renewal of education
  • 3.25 GPA or higher preferred

To request information about our required courses, academic calendar, opportunities to visit campus, or other questions, please contact our graduate admissions team.

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Courses

The Master of Arts in Catholic Education curriculum includes twelve required courses, each of three credit hours: four courses in theological and biblical foundation, four courses treating the liberal arts and Catholic education, and four classes in classical education or specific teaching areas. Our faculty and staff equip current and future school leaders, whether as a teacher in a public or Catholic school, school administrator, or another role in educational leadership.

Core Theological Courses

Salvation History

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This course helps students to understand the unity of God’s plan of salvation from Creation to the Second Coming. By a thorough overview of the Old and New Testaments, this course introduces Catholic exegetical approaches and theological interpretation, aiding students in reading Scripture as the Word of God. Students engage some comparative primary texts and grapple with historiographical questions that help them to demonstrate the reliability of the Bible. With a special focus on the themes of covenant and mission, the course illustrates how Jesus fulfills God’s promises and how He invites His followers to share in His work of evangelization.

Rule of Faith

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This course offers a synthetic introduction to the Christian faith through its central mysteries, in which “God has spoken to us by his Son” (Heb. 1:2), and their sacramental, liturgical, moral, and spiritual fullness in the life of theChurch. Students will read from the whole Catechism of the Catholic Church, alongside the Fathers and Doctors of the Church.

Light to the Nations

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This course journeys from the historical roots of Christianity to modern times with primary sources from the Church’s greatest saints and theologians. Central to this story are basic questions about the nature of the Church and of the spiritual and moral life. The lives and writings of the saints offer the chief examples of the divinized life, for they show us how to obey the Lord’s command, “If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me” (Matt. 16:24).

Jesus and the Gospels

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Among all the books of the Bible, the Gospels have “a special preeminence,” according to the Second Vatican Council, “for they are the principal witness for the life and teaching of the incarnate Word” (Dei Verbum, 18). This course examines Jesus’ life and mission in light of the Synoptic Gospels and the Gospel of John. Students engage insights from historical research into the life of Jesus and the world of first-century Judaism as well as gain a deeper understanding of the Gospels as narrative. In addition, the Gospels are also studied for their perennial theological and spiritual significance.

Core Catholic Education Courses

Catholic Education: Ends, Principles, and Means

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Students will be introduced to the ends, principles, and means of Catholic education, with special emphasis placed upon the human person, the classical liberal arts, and the integration of all learning in the light of the Catholic Faith.

Christian Anthropology

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Students will receive a firm grounding both in philosophical and theological anthropology as well as in what it means to be a human person, with special emphasis on the teachings of Sts. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, and John Henry Newman.

History of Catholic Education

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Students will gain a knowledge of key figures and schools of education through the centuries and be able to identify how the history of Western education was informed and enriched by the Catholic Church and its influence on society and culture; special attention is given to the teachings of Fathers and Doctors of the Church, Church documents on education, and the rich, centuries-long tradition of Catholic liberal education.

The Art of Teaching

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Student will be encouraged to see and to experience their teaching vocation as the loving formation of their students in moral, intellectual, and theological virtue; students will acquire a firm, experiential knowledge of the best teaching styles, from leading stimulating and productive Socratic conversations to delivering dynamic, engaging lectures (as well as various “hybrid” forms of teaching).

Specialization Areas

Catechetics

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Four courses in which students explore the areas of catechetics appropriate for K-12 Catholic schools and acquire the best methods and skills for teaching the basic truths of the Catholic Faith to their students.  

Humanities

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Four courses to prepare students to teach literature, history, and related subjects from a Catholic perspective and informed by the Catholic tradition.

Classical Pedagogy

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Four courses that will extend the students training in the principles and practices of Classical pedagogy, with special emphasis on the seven liberal arts and the formation in students of a disciplined mind that has learned how to learn.  

Science and Mathematics

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Four courses that begin with a study of the quadrivium and proceed to an integrated approach to mathematics and natural science within a well-ordered Catholic curriculum, with special attention to questions about the relationship between faith and reason.  

Grammar School

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Four courses that prepare aspiring teachers to teach in Catholic grammar schools, with emphasis on the formation of the imagination, the trivium (grammar, logic, and rhetoric), and elementary math and science.  

Four Pillars

Built on the same four pillars as priestly and religious formation, this program offers a comprehensive, integrated training that prepares lay ecclesial leaders to share the truth of Jesus Christ amidst contemporary challenges.

1. Theological Formation:

Students receive a faithful and rigorous theological formation grounded in Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition, the Church Fathers, the lives and witnesses of the saints, the Second Vatican Council, and the Catechism of the Catholic Church. This instruction grounds the students in the long theological tradition of the Church with an eye towards the authentic implementation of the New Evangelization.

2. Spiritual Formation:

Through course material, seminars, and practicum experiences, students receive a spiritual formation that enriches their own personal encounter with Christ and prepares them for the challenges and spiritual realities of lay ecclesial service.

3. Pastoral, Evangelistic, and Catechetical Formation:

Grounded in the pastoral vision of the Second Vatican Council, the program offers pastoral and catechetical formation that equips students to hand on the truth of Jesus Christ in this time of the New Evangelization. This formation is centered around sound principles of pastoral care and key methods of authentic catechetical renewal envisioned and articulated by the documents of Vatican II, the writings of St. John Paul II, and the Catechism of the Catholic Church.

4. Human Formation:

Through coursework, seminars, and practicum experiences, students receive practical and essential human formation that forms them to be effective leaders for the New Evangelization. These crucial skills and dispositions include the key moral virtues for lay ecclesial leadership, communication and management skills, an appropriate awareness and understanding of ecclesial life and structures, and interpersonal skills related to ecclesial life and service.

Three Pillars

The course of study in the Graduate School of Theology leads to the Master of Arts degree in Theology; it is available on our campus in St. Louis or via distance education. The program consists of three pillars:

1. Sacred Scripture

Students learn to express the narrative of salvation history, explain the biblical foundations of Catholic doctrine, interpret the texts in light of tradition, and substantiate the reliability of Sacred Scripture.

2. Sacred Doctrine

Each of our students develops a foundational knowledge of the Catholic Church’s dogmatic, sacramental, moral, and spiritual teaching as exemplified by the Catechism of the Catholic Church.

3. History and Mission

Students come to grasp the main themes of Church history, particularly in the West, with special emphasis on evangelization and on the saints and martyrs as teachers and models.

Programmatic Goals

I. Theology: to demonstrate a foundational knowledge of the Catholic Church’s dogmatic, sacramental, moral, and spiritual teaching, building upon that doctrine as exemplified by the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Graduates will be able to analyze, explain, and where relevant defend the following elements of understanding:
II. Spiritual Interiority: recognizing that a mature Christian interior life is both a prerequisite to effective mission and the goal toward which that mission is oriented, as well as an essential part of the methodological structure of all catechetical practice, graduates will be able to explain and defend the following elements of understanding:
III. Pastoral, Evangelical & Catechetical: to demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental principles of evangelization and catechesis, as well as strategies of pastoral care and the ability to develop, to implement, and to assess effective evangelistic, catechetical, and pastoral initiatives in an ecclesial setting which respond to the leading challenges facing the Church’s mission today. Graduates will be able to analyze, explain, and where relevant defend the following elements of understanding:
IV. Leadership: to demonstrate readiness for collaborative work and management in the life of the Church so as to implement effective discipleship strategies. Graduates will demonstrate an articulate understanding of and principled commitment to the following elements:

Concentration Requirements

The Master of Arts in Biblical Studies curriculum includes sixteen courses, each of three credit hours: two courses each in Biblical Greek and Hebrew (students will pursue either elementary-intermediate or advanced language courses depending on previous instruction); four courses treating biblical interpretation and the role of Scripture in the Church (with emphasis on the Church Fathers and the modern magisterium), six exegetical courses (three devoted to Old Testament texts and three to New Testament texts), and two elective courses.

A Master’s thesis is optional. During their final semester, students will take an oral comprehensive examination.

Courses

The Master of Arts in Biblical Studies curriculum includes sixteen courses, each of three credit hours: two courses each in Biblical Greek and Hebrew (students will pursue either elementary-intermediate or advanced language courses depending on previous instruction); four courses treating biblical interpretation and the role of Scripture in the Church (with emphasis on the Church Fathers and the modern magisterium), six exegetical courses (three devoted to Old Testament texts and three to New Testament texts), and two elective courses.

A Master’s thesis is optional. During their final semester, students will take an oral comprehensive examination.

Principles of Biblical Interpretation

This course introduces students to the methods and principles that guide the Church’s interpretation of Scripture. Analyzing works of the Fathers and Doctors of the Church, recent papal and magisterial documents, and the instructions of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, the course forms students to interpret the biblical text in a way that attends to the implications of both its divine and its human authorship.

Pentateuch

The purpose of this course is to give an in-depth introduction to the first five books of the Old Testament, known as the Torah. Questions of authorship, dating, and composition will be considered, but emphasis will be given to understanding how these ancient Hebrew texts work literarily. After studying the rhetorical strategy of these foundational narratives and laws, the student will be introduced to the major theological themes found in the Torah and how those these themes have been interpreted in Christian tradition.

Prophets

This course introduces students to the lives and literature of the biblical prophets. Starting with an introduction to the historical development of the phenomenon of prophecy in Israel and its relation to prophetic activity and writing among other peoples of the ancient Near East, this course will survey the Major and Minor prophets, including Lamentations and Baruch. For each prophetic book, students will consider its historical context, rhetorical goals, literary techniques, critical issues, theological implications, and application to Christian life today. 

Psalms and Wisdom Literature

Students will examine the historical background, literary provenance, and poetic purposes of the diverse books of Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Sirach, and Wisdom. In addition to form-critical and compositional concerns, the course will treat the function of the Psalms in the cult of ancient Israel, the social role and development of wisdom literature in the life of post-exilic Judaism, the Christological interpretation of the Psalms in the New Testament, and the use of Psalms in Jewish and Christian traditions of prayer. 

Synoptic Gospels and Acts 

This course analyzes the literary, historical, and theological issues involved with the study of the Synoptic Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles. After examining questions regarding the authorship, dating, and context of the Synoptic Gospels, as well as their relationship to one another, it will offer in-depth look at their accounts of the life and ministry of Jesus, with special consideration of Christological titles, miracles, parables of the Kingdom, the Sermon on the Mount, and the eschatological discourses. The course also considers how the Acts of the Apostles continues the story begun in Luke.

The Apostle Paul and His Letters 

The letters of Paul are vitally important sources for Christian theology and the history of the earliest Church. This course surveys Paul’s letters and the book of Acts to introduce the apostle’s life, his letters and their content, and to contextualize them within Paul’s broader theological vision. Students are trained to think through critical issues involved with the study of Paul and his letters, as well as their legacy in Christian theology.

Johannine Literature

This course examines the literary, historical, and theological issues relating to the study of Johannine Literature. The course begins with an examination of the contents of the Fourth Gospel. After studying key background issues (authorship, dating, provenance, genre, and literary structure), students enter into a close reading of the Gospel. Following this, the course turns to examine the background and contents of the Johannine Epistles, with special attention to the question of the relationship of these letters to the Gospel. 

Catholic Faith and the Church of the Fathers

This course considers the Church’s catholicity and apostolicity in the patristic period, in an approach that is simultaneously historical and theological. Students will attend to historical contexts but also seek to discern how the Church and its members manifest within history the supernatural life that is theirs by the gift of the Spirit (Lumen gentium 7). That life is sustained in varying historical settings by doctrinal fidelity, sacramental communion, and hierarchical politeia—that is, by the “visible bonds of communion” (CCC 815). 

Patristic and Medieval Exegesis

The Church recognizes in the Fathers and Doctors a capacity “to penetrate to the very innermost meaning of the divine word” and celebrates the “almost inexhaustible riches” contained in their works of biblical interpretation (Divino afflante Spiritu 28, 29). Students will gain insight into the hermeneutical principles that animate, guide, restrain, and lend coherence to classical biblical interpretation, and they will consider how these principles might inform and enrich their own efforts to read and interpret Sacred Scripture “in the sacred spirit in which it was written” (Dei Verbum 12).

Theology in the Life and Mission of the Church

This course will explore the role of disciplined reflection on the word of God in three key areas: (1) the Liturgy, especially the Eucharistic liturgy, the Lectionary, and the Liturgy of the Hours; (2) the Christian spiritual life, especially the prayerful reading of Scripture known as lectio divina; and (3) the Church’s mission, especially the teaching of theology. Particular attention will be paid to the relationship between the interior life and the theological apostolate, as well as the ecclesial vocation of the theologian. 

Biblical Greek

In the M.A. Biblical Studies program, students are required to earn a minimum of six credits in Greek, regardless of prior instruction. Students who enter the program with little or no familiarity with ancient Greek will take a two-course sequence: Greek Grammar and Intermediate Greek, which will take the student all the way from the alphabet to reading whole texts from the New Testament. Students who enter the program already prepared to read and translate ancient Greek will take a two-course sequence that further builds students’ abilities in understanding the language and analyzing texts: Greek Readings and Exegesis, followed by Advanced Greek Readings.

Biblical Hebrew

In the M.A. Biblical Studies program, students are required to earn a minimum of six credits in Hebrew, regardless of prior instruction. Students who enter the program with little or no familiarity with ancient Hebrew will take a two-course sequence: Hebrew Grammar and Intermediate Hebrew, which will take the student all the way from the alphabet to reading whole texts from the Old Testament. Students who enter the program already prepared to read and translate ancient Hebrew will take a two-course sequence that further builds students’ abilities in understanding the language and analyzing texts: Hebrew Readings and Exegesis, followed by Advanced Hebrew Readings.

Elective Courses

Students take two elective courses from a slate of regularly-offered exegetical courses on the Historical Books of the Old Testament, Apocalyptic Literature, the Catholic Epistles, and the Epistle to the Hebrews. Additional options, with the consent of the program’s director, include advanced courses in theology, directed readings courses, or an independent study dedicated to the writing of a Master’s thesis.

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Graduate Bulletin

Read more and see full course listings in our graduate bulletin

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Program Faculty

James Prothro

Associate Professor of Scripture and Theology | Director of MA Biblical Studies (Ph.D., Cambridge University).

James Prothro brings a background in Classical languages and training as a preacher to his study of the Bible. His lively interest in Greek linguistics and principles of Catholic interpretation influence his teaching and writing. He is the author of Both Judge and Justifier: Biblical Legal Language and the Act of Justifying in Paul (Mohr Siebeck, 2018), The Apostle Paul and His Letters: An Introduction (Catholic University of America Press, 2021), A Pauline Theology of Justification: Forgiveness Friendship, and Life in Christ (Cascade Books, 2023), and The Bible and Reconciliation: Confession, Repentance, and Restoration (Baker Academic, 2023). He has published in various academic journals, including, Catholic Biblical Quarterly, New Testament Studies, Journal for the Study of the New Testament, Nova et Vetera, and Journal of Theological Interpretation. He serves as Sub-editor (Koine Greek) for Religious Studies Review. 

Learn more about Dr. Prothro and his scholarly work via this lecture titled "Learning Biblical Theology from the Apostles."

Mark Giszczak

Professor of Sacred Scripture (Ph.D., Catholic University of America)

A member of the first graduating class of the Augustine Institute, Mark Giszczak joined its faculty in 2010. He has a passion for Scripture and loves helping Catholics read, pray, and understand the Bible. He is the author of Wisdom of Solomon, Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture Series (Baker Academic, 2024), Bible Translation and the Making of the ESV Catholic Edition (Augustine Institute, 2022), and Light on the Dark Passages of Scripture (Our Sunday Visitor, 2015). His articles have appeared in the Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha, Catholic Biblical Quarterly, the Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. Professor Giszczak also holds the Licentiate in Sacred Scripture from the Pontifical Biblical Commission.

Learn more about Dr. Giszczak and his most recent book on the Wisdom of Solomon in this episode of "Interview with the Author."

Michael Patrick Barber

Professor of Sacred Scripture and Theology (Ph.D., Fuller Theological Seminary)

Michael Barber is a regular participant in leading scholarly conversations about the study of the Bible. His books include The Historical Jesus and the Temple: Memory, Methodology, and the Gospel of Matthew (Cambridge University Press, 2023, with a Foreword by Dale C. Allison, Jr.) and Paul, A New Covenant Jew: Rethinking Pauline Theology, with Brant Pitre and John Kincaid (Eerdmans, 2019). His articles have appeared in academic journals such as Journal of Biblical Literature, Journal for the Study of Paul and His Letters, Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus, and Religious Studies Review. You can read more about his work on Academia.edu.

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Learn more about Dr. Barber and his most recent book, The Historical Jesus and the Temple, in this episode of "Interview with the Author."

Israel McGrew

Assistant Professor of Sacred Scripture (Ph.D., Marquette University)

Israel McGrew brings a love for Catholic theology to the historical and literary study of the Hebrew Bible. In his new post at the Augustine Institute, he will be teaching Salvation History and exegetic courses on various books of the Old Testament. His article “‘What is Enosh?’: The Anthropological Contributions of Job 7:17–18 through Allusion and Intertextuality,” appeared in Catholic Biblical Quarterly in 2022 and won him the “Emerging Scholar” award by the Catholic Biblical Association. He is currently writing a book titled, The Riddle of Job: Parabolic Argumentation in the Book of Job.

Learn more about Dr. McGrew and his scholarly interests on this episode of "Meet the Professor" hosted by the Augustine Institute.

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John Sehorn

Associate Professor of Theology (Ph.D., University of Notre Dame)

John Sehorn has been a member of the Augustine Institute faculty since 2015. He has a longstanding interest in understanding more deeply how God speaks to his Church through Sacred Scripture, an interest that he pursues by studying the exegetical practices of the patristic and medieval masters of the Sacred Page. Dr. Sehorn is the author of The Bible and the Eucharist (Baker Academic, forthcoming) and Marian Consecration: What Every Catholic Should Know (Augustine Institute/Ignatius Press, forthcoming), and he has published several academic essays on the theology of the Fathers. With Tim Gray, he is editor of Baker Academic’s series A Catholic Biblical Theology of the Sacraments.

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Learn more about Dr. Sehorn and his scholarly interests on this "Meet the Professor" episode hosted by the Augustine Institute.

Andrea Saner

Associate Professor of Sacred Scripture (Ph.D., Durham University)

Dr. Saner specializes in theological interpretation of the Old Testament, especially the Book of Exodus. She has taught on a wide range of courses, especially in Old Testament, Hebrew, and biblical interpretation. Dr. Saner is author of “Too Much to Grasp”: Exodus 3:13-15 and the Reality of God (Eisenbrauns, 2015), and “Theological Interpretation of Christian Scripture” in New Cambridge Companion to Christian Doctrine (Cambridge University Press, 2022). She is currently writing the Exodus volume for the T. & T. Clark International Theological Commentary.

Learn more about Dr. Saner and her scholarly work by viewing her talk titled "Out of the Depths, I Cry to You: Praying Through Suffering with the Psalter" at the Augustine Institute's Biblical Studies Conference.

Elizabeth Klein

Associate Professor of Theology (Ph.D., University of Notre Dame)

Elizabeth Klein’s formidable knowledge of the Bible has its roots in her childhood participation in Bible Quiz competitions. Her academic studies have focused on Patristic theology, and she regularly teaches courses on Augustine that examine his use of Scripture in his preaching, teaching, and works of controversy. She is the author of Augustine’s Theology of Angels (Cambridge University Press, 2018), God: What Every Catholic Should Know (Ignatius Press; Augustine Institute, 2019), and Angels & Saints: Who They Are and Why They Matter (University of Notre Dame, 2023).

Learn more about Dr. Klein and her scholarly interests on this episode of "Meet the Professor" hosted by the Augustine Institute.

Christopher Mooney

Assistant Professor of Theology (Ph.D., University of Notre Dame)

Dr. Mooney is a historical theologian specializing in Augustine and the Augustinian theological legacy, particularly regarding the nature of faith and grace. He has published in academic journals on the history of exegesis of James 2:24, Augustine's preaching on forgiveness, and more. He is currently working on publishing his revised dissertation, "Iustitia fidei: The Development of Augustine's Account of Justification by Faith." He also serves as a theological representative in the US Catholic-Reformed ecumenical dialogue on justification and justice.

Learn more about Dr. Mooney and his scholarly interests on this episode of "Meet the Professor" hosted by the Augustine Institute.

Additional Degrees and Concentrations

Master of Arts: Catholic Education

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Master of Arts: Pastoral Theology

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Master of Arts: Theology with Concentration in Sacred Scripture

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Master of Arts: Theology

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